Acoustic echo cancellation keeps turning itself on
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In a sense, all transmission lines function as conduits of electromagnetic energy when transporting pulses or high-frequency waves, directing the waves as the banks of a river direct a tidal wave.
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Waveguides may be thought of as conduits for electromagnetic energy, the waveguide itself acting as nothing more than a “director” of the energy rather than as a signal conductor in the normal sense of the word. Moisture is not as severe a problem in waveguides as it is within coaxial cables, either, and so waveguides are often spared the necessity of gas “filling.” With only a single conductor (the waveguide’s “shell”), there are no concerns with proper conductor-to-conductor spacing, or of the consistency of the dielectric material, since the only dielectric in a waveguide is air. When functioning as transmission lines, though, waveguides are considerably simpler than two-conductor cables-especially coaxial cables-in their manufacture and maintenance. Below such frequencies, waveguides are useless as electrical transmission lines. Waveguides are practical only for signals of extremely high frequency, where the wavelength approaches the cross-sectional dimensions of the waveguide.
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Wave guides conduct microwave energy at lower loss than coaxial cables. The tube wall provides distributed inductance, while the empty space between the tube walls provide distributed capacitance: Figure below A waveguide is a special form of transmission line consisting of a hollow, metal tube.